Chemistry PS1 9 Acids and Bases

Investigating the properties of acids

 

   Part a) investigating pH with indicator paper

 

   Part b) investigating the reactions of acids with metals

 

   Part c) investigating the reactions of acids with metal oxides

 

   Part d) investigating the reactions of acids with metal carbonates

 

For each part, include

                  The safety considerations needed for the practical activity

                  A hypothesis outlining what you think will happen

                  A completed table of results

                  The conclusion summarizing what you discovered including patterns arising and explanations why

 

At the end of the four investigations, describe at least one other test you would do to increase your knowledge of acid reactions

Also name three other acids you might have used AND describe how these would have reacted

 

Acids: hydrochloric acid, sulfuric acid, nitric acid, ethanoic acid, CH3COOH

Indicators: universal indicator paper, red litmus paper, blue litmus paper

Oxides: copper oxide (also test magnesium oxide and iron II oxide)

Carbonates: copper carbonate (also test magnesium and sodium carbonates)

 

Limewater is calcium hydroxide solution.  It is clear and reacts with carbon dioxide and form insoluble calcium carbonate, which is milky.

 

CARE with acids—wear goggles throughout the activity, until experiment is finished and all cleared up

 

 

 

Acid Lab  PART a)   Investigating the pH of acids

 

Hypothesis

 

Safety

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Procedure

 

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Place one drop of acid onto a one cm length of universal indicator paper on a tray.  Rinse the glass rod and then test another acid.  Repeat with blue litmus paper and red litmus paper.

 

Work out a method for testing the pH of the solid acids and perform that test for each of the solid acids.

 

Results:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Conclusion:

 

 

 

 

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Acid Lab  PART b)   Reactions of acids with metals

 

Hypothesis

 

 

Safety

 

 

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Procedure

 

Place 1/10 spatula of the metal in a test tube.  Add 1 cm depth of dilute acid.  If you see a gas produced, stopper the tube to collect the gas.  Then remove stopper and test gas with a lighted splint. What gas are you testing for?  Discard the metal into the beaker provided.

 

 

Results

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Conclusion

 

Equations

 

Word eqn              Magnesium    +   hydrochloric acid  -->

 

Symbols/formulas

 

Balanced eqn:

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Word eqn:              Magnesium    +   sulfuric acid  -->

Symbols/

Formulas:

 

Balanced eqn:

 

Word eqn:              Magnesium    +   nitric acid  -->

Symbols/

Formulas:

 

Balanced eqn:

 

Word eqn:              Magnesium    +   ethanoic acid  -->

Symbols/

Formulas:

 

Balanced eqn:

 

Word eqn:              Zinc    +   hydrochloric acid  -->

Symbols/

Formulas:

 

Balanced eqn:

 

Word eqn:              Zinc    +   Sulfuric acid -->

Symbols/

Formulas:

 

Balanced eqn:

 

Word eqn:              Zinc    +   nitric acid -->

Symbols/

Formulas:

 

Balanced eqn:

 

Word eqn:              Zinc    +   ethanoic acid  -->

Symbols/

Formulas:

 

Balanced eqn:

 

Word eqn:              Copper    +   hydrochloric acid  -->

Symbols/

Formulas:

 

Balanced eqn:

 

Word eqn:              Copper   +   sulfuric acid  -->

Symbols/

Formulas:

 

Balanced eqn:

 

Word eqn:              Copper    +   nitric acid  -->

Symbols/

Formulas:

 

Balanced eqn:

 

Word eqn:              Copper    +   ethanoic acid  -->

Symbols/

Formulas:

 

Balanced eqn:

 

 

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Acid Lab  PART c)  Reaction of acid with metal oxide

 

Hypothesis

 

 

Safety

 

 

 

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Procedure

Place 1 cm depth dil. acid in a test tube.  Add one spatula of copper oxide.  Warm gently for 3-5 secs.  Filter.  Note the colors of the filtrate and residue.

 

Results

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Conclusion:

 

Word eqn:              Copper oxide    +   hydrochloric acid  -->

Symbols/

Formulas:

 

Balanced eqn:

 

Word eqn:              Copper oxide    +   sulfuric acid  -->

Symbols/

Formulas:

 

Balanced eqn:

 

Word eqn:              Copper oxide    +   nitric acid  -->

Symbols/

Formulas:

 

Balanced eqn:

 

Word eqn:              Copper oxide    +   ethanoic acid  -->

Symbols/

Formulas:

 

Balanced eqn:

 

 

 

 

 

Acid Lab  PART d) Reacting acids with metal carbonates

 

Hypothesis

 

 

Safety

 

 

 

 

 

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Procedure

 

Place 1 cm depth limewater in the smaller test tube.  Make sure the delivery tube goes into the limewater  (A fresh sample is needed for each test.)  Place 1 cm depth dil. acid in the wider test tube.  With the stopper and delivery tube close to the mouth of the larger test tube, add 1 spatula of the metal carbonate to the acid.  Stopper the tube immediately. Note what happens to the limewater.

 

Results

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Conclusion:

 

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Word eqn:              Copper carbonate    +   hydrochloric acid  -->

Symbols/

Formulas:

 

Balanced eqn:

 

Word eqn:              Copper carbonate    +   sulfuric acid  -->

Symbols/

Formulas:

 

Balanced eqn:

 

Word eqn:              Copper carbonate    +   nitric acid  -->

Symbols/

Formulas:

 

Balanced eqn:

 

Word eqn:              Copper carbonate    +   ethanoic acid -->

Symbols/

Formulas:

 

Balanced eqn: